ASME B31P , عملیات حرارتی در پایپینگ

ASME B31P : Standard Heat Treatments for Fabrication Processes

دانلود استاندارد ASME B31P (روشهای استاندارد عملیات حرارتی در فرآیندهای ساخت و فابریکت سیستم پایپینگ)

فهرست استاندارد B31P :

1 Introduction
2 Glossary
3 Temperature Measurement
4 Temperature Control
5 Welding Preheat
6 Post-weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
7 Postforming and Material Heat Treatments
8 Alternatives and Exemptions to Preheat and PWHT Requirements

Nonmandatory Appendices
A Recommendations for the Proper Use of Thermocouples
B Recommendations for Control of Narrow Temperature Range Heat Treatments: Local Heat-Treatment Methods
C Branch Connection Examples
D Temper Bead Method Alternative to PWHT
E Fracture Mechanics Alternative to PWHT

Figures
B-3.1-1 Definition of Terms for Local Circumferential Band Heating of Pipe Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
B-3.1-2 Definition of Terms for Local Circumferential Band Heating of Branch Connection to Pipe Attachment Weld
B-5.2-1 Location of Thermocouples (Monitoring and Control) for Pipe Sizes Less Than NPS 6 (150 DN) and One Control Zone
B-5.2-2 Location of Thermocouples (Monitoring and Control) for Pipe Sizes NPS 6 (DN 150) Up to and Including NPS 12 (DN 300) and Two Control Zones
B-5.2-3 Location of Thermocouples (Monitoring and Control) for Pipe Sizes NPS 14 (DN 350) Up to and Including NPS 30 (DN 750) and Four Control Zones
B-5.2-4 Location of Monitoring Thermocouples for Branch Nozzle or Attachment Welds
B-5.3-1 Example of One Approach When the Heated Band From a Weld Requiring PWHT Intersects a Weld Not Requiring PWHT
C-1 Typical Branch Attachment Details That May Be Used to Calculate Control Thickness
C-2 Typical Integrally Reinforced Outlet Fitting Branch Connection Details That May Be Used to Calculate
Control Thickness

Tables
5.1-1 Preheat Temperature
6.1.1-1 Postweld Heat Treatment
6.1.1-2 Alternate Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels, P-Nos. 1 and 3 6
6.1.1-3 Exemptions to Mandatory Postweld Heat Treatment
6.2-1 Approximate Lower Transformation Temperatures
B-5.1-1 Requirements for Control Zones

Forms
Form 1 Standard Procedure for Local Heating
Form 2 Standard Documentation Checklist for Local Heating